Ancient CivilizationsDid a Pole Shift 41,000 Years Ago Doom the Neanderthals to Extinction? Posted on April 24, 2025 by Administrator Newly published research suggests that prehistoric Homo sapiens developed innovative ways to protect themselves from increased ultraviolet (UV) radiation during periods of extreme instability in Earth’s magnetic field, while their close cousins the Neanderthals did not. While this may not have been the only reason why Neanderthals went extinct, it might very well have been the most decisive cause of their decline.